Opuscula Math. 39, no. 3 (2019), 355-360
https://doi.org/10.7494/OpMath.2019.39.3.355

Opuscula Mathematica

# A partial refining of the Erdős-Kelly regulation

Joanna Górska
Zdzisław Skupień

Abstract. The aim of this note is to advance the refining of the Erdős-Kelly result on graphical inducing regularization. The operation of inducing regulation (on graphs or multigraphs) with prescribed maximum vertex degree is originated by D. König in 1916. As is shown by Chartrand and Lesniak in their textbook Graphs & Digraphs (1996), an iterated construction for graphs can result in a regularization with many new vertices. Erdős and Kelly have presented (1963, 1967) a simple and elegant numerical method of determining for any simple $$n$$-vertex graph $$G$$ with maximum vertex degree $$\Delta$$, the exact minimum number, say $$\theta =\theta(G)$$, of new vertices in a $$\Delta$$-regular graph $$H$$ which includes $$G$$ as an induced subgraph. The number $$\theta(G)$$, which we call the cost of regulation of $$G$$, has been upper-bounded by the order of $$G$$, the bound being attained for each $$n\ge4$$, e.g. then the edge-deleted complete graph $$K_n-e$$ has $$\theta=n$$. For $$n\ge 4$$, we present all factors of $$K_n$$ with $$\theta=n$$ and next $$\theta=n-1$$. Therein in case $$\theta=n-1$$ and $$n$$ odd only, we show that a specific extra structure, non-matching, is required.

Keywords: inducing $$\Delta$$-regulation, cost of regulation.

Mathematics Subject Classification: 05C35, 05C75.

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• Joanna Górska
• AGH University of Science and Technology, Faculty of Applied Mathematics, al. A. Mickiewicza 30, 30-059 Krakow, Poland
• Zdzisław Skupień
• AGH University of Science and Technology, Faculty of Applied Mathematics, al. A. Mickiewicza 30, 30-059 Krakow, Poland
• Communicated by Gyula O.H. Katona.
• Received: 2017-05-26.
• Revised: 2018-01-25.
• Accepted: 2018-09-05.
• Published online: 2019-02-23.

Cite this article as:
Joanna Górska, Zdzisław Skupień, A partial refining of the Erdős-Kelly regulation, Opuscula Math. 39, no. 3 (2019), 355-360, https://doi.org/10.7494/OpMath.2019.39.3.355

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